INDIA PENAL CODE
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lackstone defined crime as an act of omission or commission
in violation of public law either commanding it or forbidding it.
To any crime to be committed there are 4 things that
are considered important.
These 4
things are –
1. Human
being
2. Mens
rea
3. Actus
rea
4. Injury
Human being – can be a normal person or a person of
the law or any body who commits crime. (Section 11 of IPC).
Mens rea – the motive for which the crime is committed.
There is no crime where motive is not involved. There is either a personal
agenda or a forced pressure where the crime is to be held.
Actus rea – The guilt that follows the mens rea.
Injury – defined according to section 44 of IPC as any
harm done illegally to the body, mind, reputation and property of the person.
The crime scene is investigated by the person in charge
called as detective or police. Samples are collected as evidences and then sent
to the forensic team to evaluate and bring justice. Sometimes the Forensic team
is itself called on the scene to investigate and deduce the result. Following
which the case progresses in the Court of law and thus the conviction is given.
The conviction is given by certain Codes that tell what should be done in the
particular cases and this is called as the Indian Penal Code or IPC.
Indian Penal Code (IPC) came into existence in the
year 1862. There are various IPC’s but as medical student or personnel we need
to remember the following IPC’s.
IPC Section 31 – A Will
IPC Section 39 – A person is said to cause an effect “voluntarily”
IPC Section 82 – Act of a child under 7 years of age.
IPC Section 83 – Act of a child above 7 years and under 12 years
IPC Section 84 – Mc Naughten’s Rule or legal test.
IPC Section 85 – Act under intoxication.
IPC Section 87 – Below 18 years – no valid consent for physical examination.
IPC Section 88-93 – Legal protection to Medical Doctors.
IPC Section 89 – Consent from Guardians for age below 12.
IPC Section 90 – Validity of Consent – fear, Intoxication etc.
IPC Section 39 – A person is said to cause an effect “voluntarily”
IPC Section 82 – Act of a child under 7 years of age.
IPC Section 83 – Act of a child above 7 years and under 12 years
IPC Section 84 – Mc Naughten’s Rule or legal test.
IPC Section 85 – Act under intoxication.
IPC Section 87 – Below 18 years – no valid consent for physical examination.
IPC Section 88-93 – Legal protection to Medical Doctors.
IPC Section 89 – Consent from Guardians for age below 12.
IPC Section 90 – Validity of Consent – fear, Intoxication etc.
IPC Section 118 – Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.
IPC Section 176 – Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
IPC Section 177 – Furnishing false information.
IPC Section 178 – Refusing Oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it.
IPC Section 179 – Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question.
IPC Section 182 – False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person.IPC Section 190 – Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
IPC Section 191 – Giving false evidence.
IPC Section 192 – Fabricating false evidence.
IPC Section 193 – Punishment for false evidence.
IPC Section 194 – Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence.
IPC Section 195 – Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
IPC Section 197 – Issuing or signing false certificate.
IPC Section 201 – Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender.
IPC Section 202 – Not informing Police
IPC Section 203 – Giving false information respecting an offence committed.
IPC Section 204 – Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence.
IPC Section 228A – Disclosure of identity of the victim of certain offences
IPC Section 272 – Adulterating Food or Drink (6 months/Rs 1000)
IPC Section 273 – Selling adulterated food or drink
IPC Section 274 – Adulteration of drugs (in West Bengal – life imprisonment)
IPC Section 201 – Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender.
IPC Section 202 – Not informing Police
IPC Section 203 – Giving false information respecting an offence committed.
IPC Section 176 – Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
IPC Section 177 – Furnishing false information.
IPC Section 178 – Refusing Oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it.
IPC Section 179 – Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question.
IPC Section 182 – False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person.IPC Section 190 – Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
IPC Section 191 – Giving false evidence.
IPC Section 192 – Fabricating false evidence.
IPC Section 193 – Punishment for false evidence.
IPC Section 194 – Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence.
IPC Section 195 – Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
IPC Section 197 – Issuing or signing false certificate.
IPC Section 201 – Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender.
IPC Section 202 – Not informing Police
IPC Section 203 – Giving false information respecting an offence committed.
IPC Section 204 – Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence.
IPC Section 228A – Disclosure of identity of the victim of certain offences
IPC Section 272 – Adulterating Food or Drink (6 months/Rs 1000)
IPC Section 273 – Selling adulterated food or drink
IPC Section 274 – Adulteration of drugs (in West Bengal – life imprisonment)
IPC Section 201 – Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender.
IPC Section 202 – Not informing Police
IPC Section 203 – Giving false information respecting an offence committed.
IPC Section 204 – Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence.IPC Section 228A – Disclosure of identity of the victim of certain offences
IPC Section 272 – Adulterating Food or Drink (6 months/Rs 1000)IPC Section 273 – Selling adulterated food or drinkIPC Section 274 – Adulteration of drugs (in West Bengal – life imprisonment)IPC Section 275 – Selling Adulterated drugsIPC Section 276 – Selling a different drugIPC Section 277 – Fouling Water / Spring / ReservoirIPC Section 278 – Making Atmosphere noxiousIPC Section 284 – Punishment for negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
IPC Section 294 – Punishment for Exhibitionism
IPC Section 299 – Defines Culpable Homicide
IPC Section 272 – Adulterating Food or Drink (6 months/Rs 1000)IPC Section 273 – Selling adulterated food or drinkIPC Section 274 – Adulteration of drugs (in West Bengal – life imprisonment)IPC Section 275 – Selling Adulterated drugsIPC Section 276 – Selling a different drugIPC Section 277 – Fouling Water / Spring / ReservoirIPC Section 278 – Making Atmosphere noxiousIPC Section 284 – Punishment for negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
IPC Section 294 – Punishment for Exhibitionism
IPC Section 299 – Defines Culpable Homicide
IPC Section 300 – Culpable homicide is murder
IPC Section 302 – Punishment for murder
IPC Section 304 – Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murderIPC Section 304A – Causing death by negligence
IPC Section 304B – Dowry death
IPC Section 306 – Abetment of Suicide
IPC Section 309 – Attempt to commit suicide
IPC Section 312-316: Criminal AbortionsIPC Section 313 – Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent
IPC Section 317 – Abandoning Infant
IPC Section 318 – Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body.IPC Section 319 – Hurt, Hurt means bodily pain, disease or infirmity caused to any person
IPC Section 320 – Grievous Injury Any of the following injuries are grievous. (Read more about this on Platinum access. This is an important topic)
IPC Section 323 – Punishment for HurtIPC Section 324 – Dangerous weapons / Poisons / Corrosives
IPC Section 325 – Describes Punishment for Voluntarily Causing Grievous Hurt.
IPC Section 351 – Defines Assault: Threat/attempt to apply force
IPC Section 354 – Punishment for Indecent Assault
IPC Section 361 – Kidnapping from lawful guardianshipIPC Section 362 – AbductionIPC Section 363 – Punishment for kidnapping
IPC Section 366A – Kidnapping an Indian girl below 18 for ProstitutionIPC Section 366B – Importing any foreign girl below 21 for Prostitution
IPC Section 369 – Kidnap a child below 10 years for movable property
IPC Section 374 – Unlawful compulsory labourIPC Section 375 – Rape, Unlawful sexual intercourse by a manIPC Section 376 – Punishment for RapeIPC Section 377 – Unnatural offencesIPC Section 497 – Adultery / Artificial Insemination
IPC Section 302 – Punishment for murder
IPC Section 304 – Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murderIPC Section 304A – Causing death by negligence
IPC Section 304B – Dowry death
IPC Section 306 – Abetment of Suicide
IPC Section 309 – Attempt to commit suicide
IPC Section 312-316: Criminal AbortionsIPC Section 313 – Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent
IPC Section 317 – Abandoning Infant
IPC Section 318 – Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body.IPC Section 319 – Hurt, Hurt means bodily pain, disease or infirmity caused to any person
IPC Section 320 – Grievous Injury Any of the following injuries are grievous. (Read more about this on Platinum access. This is an important topic)
IPC Section 323 – Punishment for HurtIPC Section 324 – Dangerous weapons / Poisons / Corrosives
IPC Section 325 – Describes Punishment for Voluntarily Causing Grievous Hurt.
IPC Section 351 – Defines Assault: Threat/attempt to apply force
IPC Section 354 – Punishment for Indecent Assault
IPC Section 361 – Kidnapping from lawful guardianshipIPC Section 362 – AbductionIPC Section 363 – Punishment for kidnapping
IPC Section 366A – Kidnapping an Indian girl below 18 for ProstitutionIPC Section 366B – Importing any foreign girl below 21 for Prostitution
IPC Section 369 – Kidnap a child below 10 years for movable property
IPC Section 374 – Unlawful compulsory labourIPC Section 375 – Rape, Unlawful sexual intercourse by a manIPC Section 376 – Punishment for RapeIPC Section 377 – Unnatural offencesIPC Section 497 – Adultery / Artificial Insemination
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